Treaty of Tippecanoe 1832

On October 28, 1832, the U.S. government entered negotiations with Native American tribes of northwestern Indiana. They sought to purchase their land for White settlement. The U.S. had already purchased the Miami claim to the region; only the Potawatomi retained claim to the land.

The land purchased was the northwestern part of the State of Indiana. It provided for a reserve for the tribe along the Yellow River; it also provided for a mill to be built on the reservation.

beginning at a point on Lake Michigan, where the line dividing the States of Indiana and Illinois intersects the saline thence with the margin of said Lake, to the intersection of the southern boundary of a cession made by the Pottawatomie, at the treaty of the Wabash, of eighteen hundred and twenty-six; thence east, to the northwest corner of the cession made by the treaty of St. Joseph’s, in eighteen hundred and twenty-eight; thence south ten miles; thence with the Indian boundary line to the Michigan road; thence south with said road to the northern boundary line, air designated in the treaty of eighteen hundred and twenty-six, with the Pottawatomie; thence west with the Indian boundary line to the river Tippecanoe; thence with the Indian boundary line, as established by the treaty of eighteen hundred and eighteen, at St. Mary’s to the line dividing the States of Indiana and Illinois; and thence north, with the line dividing the said States, to the place of beginning.

In exchange for the land, the tribe was granted an annual payment of $20,000 for 20 years. The tribe was also granted $100,000 in goods and a lump sum payment of $62,412 for payment of debts owed to the tribe. Assistance was offered in moving to the new reservation, and farming implements were provided to assist in cultivation.

Three substantial Potawatomi villages were on the Yellow River. Rattlesnake ruled a village east of the Yellow River and south of Plymouth. Black Wolf ruled the western village, near the Starke and Marshall County lines. Pepinawah’s village was also near the Starke and Marshall County lines.

Chief Menominee’s band lived at Twin Lakes, south of present day Plymouth, Indiana.

The Treaty

CESSION OF NORTHWESTERN INDIANA TREATY OF 1832

ANDREW JACKSON

To all and singular to whom these presents shall come, Greeting: Whereas a Treaty between the United States of America and the Potawatomi Indians, was made and concluded on Tippecanoe River in the State of Indiana, on the twenty sixth day of October, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirty two, by Jonathan Jennings, John W. Davis and Marks Crume, Commissioners on the part of the United States, and the Chiefs, Headmen and Warriors of the Potawatomi Indians on the part of said Indians, which Treaty is in the words following, to wit:

Articles of a Treaty made and concluded on Tippecanoe River in the State of Indiana between Jonathan Jennings, John W. Davis and Marks Crume, Commissioners on the part of the United States and the Chiefs, Headmen and Warriors of the Potawatomi Indians, this twenty sixty day of October in the year Eighteen hundred and thirty two.

Article 1^st. The Chiefs, Headmen and Warriors aforesaid, agree to cede to the United States their title and interest to lands in the State of Indiana, to wit: beginning at a point on Lake Michigan where the line dividing the States of Indiana and Illinois intersects the same; thence with the margin of said Lake to the intersection of the Southern boundary of a Cession made by the Potawatomi at the Treaty of the Wabash of Eighteen hundred and twenty six; thence East to the Northwest comer of the Cession line by the Treaty of St. Joseph’s in Eighteen hundred and twenty eight; thence South ten miles; thence with the Indian boundary line to the Michigan Road; thence South with said Road to the Northern boundary line as designated in the Treaty of Eighteen hundred and twenty six with the Potawatomi; thence West with the Indian boundary line to the River Tippecanoe; thence with the Indian boundary line as established by the Treat of Eighteen hundred and eighteen at St. Mary’s; to the line dividing the States of Indiana and Illinois; and thence North with the line dividing the said States to the place of beginning.

Article 2^nd. From the Cession aforesaid the following reservations are made, to wit: For the Band of Aub-be-naub-bee thirty six sections, to include his village; For the Band of Men-o-mi-nee, No-taw-kah, Muck-kah-tah-mo-way and Pee-pin-oh-waw twenty two sections; For the Bands of O-kaw-wause, Kee-waw-nay, and Nee-bosh eight sections; For the I. B. Shademak one section of land in the Door Prairie where he now lives; For the Band of Com-o-z.a two sections; For the Band ofMah-che-saw two sections; For the Band of Mau-ke-kose six sections; For the Bands of Ness-waugh-gee and Quash-qua three sections.

Article 3^rd. In consideration of the Cession aforesaid the Unites States agree to pay to the Potawatomi Indians an Annuity for the term of twenty years of twenty thousand dollars, and will deliver to them goods to the value of one hundred thousand dollars so soon after the signing of this Treaty as they can be procured, and a further sum of thirty thousand dollars in goods shall be paid to them in the year eighteen hundred and thirty three by the Indian Agent at Eel River.

Article 4^th. The Unites States agree to pay the debts due by the Potawatomi, agreeable to a schedule hereunto annexed, amounting to sixty two thousand four hundred and twelve dollars.

Article 5^th. The Unites States agree to provide for the Potawatomi, if they shall at any time hereafter wish to change their residence an amount either in goods, farming utensils, and other such articles, as shall be required and necessary, in good faith, and to an extent, equal to what has been furnished any other Indian Tribe, or Tribes, emigrating and in just proportion to their numbers.

Article 6^th. The Unites States agree to erect a Saw Mill on their lands, under the direction of the President of the Unites States.

In testimony whereof the said Jonathan Jennings, John W. Davis and Marks Crume, Commissioners as aforesaid, and the Chiefs, Headmen and Warriors of the Potawatomi have hereunto set their hands at Tippecanoe River on the Twenty sixth day of October in the year Eighteen hundred and thirty two.

Jonathan Jennings by

John W, Davis by

Marks Crume by

Witness: George B. Walker by

Lewis-on, his mark
Ke-chaw-cose,hismark
Banek, his mark
Mare-o-quett,hismark
Kin-kosh,hismark
See-shee-war-no, his mark
Min-o-min-ee, hismark
Nis-sah-keno-way,hismark
Kee-waw-nay, his mark
Che-quaw-ma-caw-co, his mark
Muak-kose, his mark
Ah-you-way, his mark
Po-kak-kause, his mark
La-po-tie, his mark
Che-mou, his mark
Po-taw-kah, hismark
Nas-waw-kee, his mark
Pee-pin-a-waw, his mark
Mah-che-law, his mark
0-ketch-chee, his mark
Pee-pish-kah, his mark
Com-mo-ya, his mark
Chich-kose, his mark
Mis-squaw-buck, his mark
Mo-tie-ah, his mark
Muck-kah-tak-mo-qay, his mark
Nah-quaw-shee, his mark
0-sheh-weh, his mark
Mah-zick, his mark
Queh-kah-pop, his mark
Quash-quaw, his mark
Lowsor-perish, his mark
Tam-bogo, his mark
Bee-yaw-yo, his mark
Tah-ciss, his mark
Mauk-co-paw-waw, his mark
Miss-lab-qua, his mark
Hawk, his mark
Mee-kis, his mark
Show-ho, his mark
Chief Aub-be-naub-bee, his mark
Chief Mau-maut-wah, his mark
Chief O-Ka-mause, his mark
Chief Pash-ee-po, his mark
Chief Wee-wiss-lah, his mark
Chief Ash-kum, his mark
Chief Waw-zee-o-ness, his mark

Witnesses: William Marshall, Indian Agent; Henry Hoover, Secy.; T. C. Lapelle, Intr.; E. L. Cicott, Lieut. lntr.; J. B. Boure, Interpreter; J. B. Gutra, Lieut. Intr.; Edward McCartney, Intr.; Luther Rice, Intr.

Now, therefore, be it known that I, Andrew Jackson, President of the United States of America, having seen and considered said treaty, do, in pursuance of the advice and consent of the Senate as expressed by their Resolution of the eleventh day of January, one thousand eight hundred and thirty three, accept, ratify, and confirm the same and every clause and article thereof.

In testimony whereof, I have caused the seal of the United States to be hereunto affixed, having signed the same with my hand.

Done at the City of Washington this twenty-first day of January in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirty three, and of the Independence of the United States, the fifty-seventh.

Andrew Jackson by By the President

Edward Livingston – Secretary of State by

Scribe for resigned Treaty

Hand written notes found with the above paperwork:

This treaty was concluded on the Tippecanoe River just north of where Rochester, Indiana, now stands. It is supposed to be on the spot where “old” US 31 [originally State Road 29] crosses the river. State Road 29 was originally an Indian trail.

Article 2nd. For the Band of Aub-be-naub-bee thirty six sections: this is in what is now Aubbeenaubbee Township, Fulton County.

Article 2nd. I. B. Shadernak one section of land in the Door Prairie: Shadernak was a white trapper; the Door Prairie is in LaPorte Co.

Article 3rd. Indian Agent at Eel River: Eel River was the original name of Logansport.

Article 6^th. No Saw Mill seems ever to have been built.

Notes from Millard Crane

Winamac or ‘Winnemack’ as it was often spelled in early days, was a Shawnee. [This is an error that was made in a document that has been carried forward through the years.]

He is listed as a young chief present with Tecumseh at the conference at Vincennes about 1810. He seems to have had a village on the Wabash River near where Georgetown [Cass Co., Ind.] was later built. He was, according to other historians, friendly with the whites. He fought with the Indians at Tippecanoe but disagreed with and later left the Prophet (Tecumseh’s brother). He is officially reported to have been killed by Logan.

Logan was a Shawnee and nephew of Tecumseh but hated his uncle and took sides with the Americans. Logan died a few days after killing Winamac from wounds received in their personal fight.

According to my grandmother Miller, [Willard Crane’s grandmother, Mary Ann Blessing Miller – buried at Sutton Cemetery] who was born in 1826 and died in 1904, her husband, Capt. J.P. Miller was well acquainted with Winamac and thought highly of him. J. P. Miller was born in 1790 and died in 1869. He was also a friend of John P. Tipton. It was said by my grandmother Miller that after Winnemack’s death his followers moved over to the Tippecanoe River where Winamac now stands. The early settlers thought enough of Winamac to name the town after him. There is no real proof that he was in the pay of the British.

But some of the older stories have it that there were two Winamac’s, father and son. This might be so but there is no documentary proof for the statements. Records are so fragmentary and scarce that little positive knowledge can be gained from them.

My grandmother’s story was that Winamac gave the land where Winamac town now stands about 1835, and that he was converted by a Methodist Missionary. He was a member of the original Methodist congregation. She was not an imaginative person nor given to careless statements. Either she was sadly mistaken or there were two different chiefs named Winamac. I have talked with some elderly persons some years ago. They all spoke highly of Winamac.

Treaty of the Tippecanoe 1832

Treaty of Tippecanoe 1832

The Treaty

Hand written notes found with the above paperwork:

Notes from Millard Crane

Receive history every month with our e-newsletter.

Treaty of Tippecanoe 1832

The Treaty

Hand written notes found with the above paperwork:

Notes from Millard Crane

Receive history every month with our e-newsletter.

Share this: